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Pain Australia TENS Fact Sheet
You should not rely upon this website for individual or specific medical information
An ActivLIfe electrotherapy machine is a medical device; it is intended for use after diagnosis by a qualified medical practitioner, physical therapist or pain specialist
The best analysis and explanation of TENS pain relief evidence is an academic text authored by Professor Mark I Johnson of Leads University; "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation"; Oxford University Press; 2014
For a full explanation of the healing and muscle strengthening benefits of electrotherapy we recommend the Australian text by Robertson, Ward, et al: “Electrotherapy Explained - Principles and Practice”; Butterworth Heinemann for Elsevier Health Services; 2006.